What is a joke?
A beam is a structural element that is produced in different types and is placed horizontally between the walls, columns, and other beams of the building. These beams are connected to other beams with the help of metal supports called anchors and protect the roof and floor of the building against live and dead loads. Joists are actually beams that cover short distances and are usually made of steel, concrete and wood. In fact, joists are part of the transmission path in load-bearing systems. These beams transfer the incoming load to the main beams of the building, which are then transferred to the columns and finally reach the ground through transfer to the foundation of the building.
Types of joists
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Prefabricated arrogance
The prefabricated truss consists of a steel truss and a concrete heel. The truss is a prefabricated network of tensile, transverse reinforcements and upper connection bars that are welded together and provide the necessary stability for transportation and execution.
Prefabricated truss beams are implemented in two types with permanent mold and without permanent mold. The steel used for the construction of the truss, in addition to having sufficient elastic modulus, should be weldable and have the capacity to change the relative length and bear the permissible stress at the breaking stage.
The pre -tone joist
Prestressed beams are one of the most practical and important types of beams and are produced only in equipped factories. To produce a prestressed beam, its wires are subjected to a certain tension before concreting the beam so that it is under compressive stress during concreting. This action increases the compressive resistance of the beam against cracking.
Chromite joist
Chromite beam is a type of metal beam that is made of steel sheet and angle and consists of two upper and lower wings. These wings are connected to each other by a bent rebar, which is called a webbing. These beams have very high resistance and therefore they are used in the construction of metal frame buildings. Also, this beam has less weight and its implementation also brings a lower cost. Chromite beam does not need piling and reduces the amount of concrete consumption.
Concrete joists
Concrete beams are made of concrete and prefabricated rebar and are used in construction. To make this beam, they use a steel reinforcement in the upper wing, two reinforcements in the lower wing and several reinforcements that are welded in a zigzag pattern to the upper and lower wings. Prestressed beams and trusses are placed in the category of concrete beams.
Due to the use and strength of this beam, it is possible to build high buildings and towers easily. These beams have a more reasonable price and due to not having high weight, they do not need a crane to transport them. These beams are also called block beams.
Clay joists
Clay beam looks very similar to the truss beam and their uses are similar to each other. In clay beams, the rebars are placed in their clay mold and then concreting is done. In the past, these beams were very popular because they were light in weight and cost less. However, due to the changes in the standards and due to the lack of 100% confidence in the quality of their clay, the use of clay beams has become obsolete and almost prohibited. If these beams are used in the roof of the block beam, they play the role of secondary beams.
Industrial joists
The appearance of industrial beams is different from other types of beams. In the production of industrial beams, spot welding is used to produce its truss, and its structure has no curvature. Steel and concrete are used to produce this beam, which gives it high resistance. Hence, they use industrial beams to build roofs.
Job joke
Niazit beam is a type of metal beam that can support the weight of the roof before the concrete solidifies. This type of beam creates T-shaped beams during construction. This beam is used in construction and reduces the consumption of concrete by 40%. Niazit beam has increased the speed of construction and is very efficient.